Introduced in 1947 the Antonov An-2 was produced until the collapse of the Soviet bloc, more than 5,000 being built in Russia up to 1960 and a further 8,200 in Poland. It is the world's largest single-engined bi-plane and is truly a multi-tasking aircraft. Used as a transport it could carry 10 passengers, 14 paratroops or 1.25 tons of freight. Known uses include water-bomber, meteorological research, photo-reconnaisance, 5-seat executive transport, television relay, air ambulance, geo-phys survey, parachute trainer and livestock transport. Versions existed with skis and floats. With an engine such as the Slvetsov 1,000 hp 9-cylinder radial it could produce enough power for a maximum take-off weight of 5.5 tons, a top speed of 160 mph and a range greater than 500 miles. With a short take-off and landing (STOL) performance and tough engineering it was ideal for many small and primitive airstrips, as was intended.
By 1950 with first generation jets now well established, it was decided to standardise the training manual, using a more powerful piston-engined side-by-side aircraft as the RAF's basic trainer, the Percival Prentice and de Havilland Chipmunk having had their day. The need for a logical lead-in to the Vampire T.11 resulted in the production of the Percival designed Provost initially intended to make use of the rather elderly Armstrong Siddleley Cheetah engine, giving some 350 hp. The third prototype used the Alvis Leonides 9 cylinder radial delivering 450 hp and this entered service in 1951 and was capable of 200 mph in level flight, with a range of 600 miles. 401 were bulit and served the RAF until superseded by the jet Provost in the 1960s. The military Pembroke has its origins in the post war civil light transports produced by British manufacturers, the P.50 Prince first flew in May 1948, powered by the versatile Alvis Leonides engine and was available in the 6 seat executive, 12 seat feeder-liner, CASEVAC or freight role. In 1952 the Pembroke C.1 evolved as an RAF 6/10 seat light communications aircraft and also in a version modified for aerial photography, continuing to serve until the 1980s.
When The Boeing Company acquired the Stearman company in 1939, it also acquired the design and production rights to the two-seat biplane that would go on to become the PT-13, PT-15, PT-18 and PT-27 series of trainers that would serve throughout the Second World War and beyond, becoming the prize in the collection of many an aviation aficionados to this day.
The "Kaydet" was initially received by the United States Navy in the form of the Model 73 production series model and designated as the NS-1 in no fewer than 61 total delivered examples. The Model 75 was derived from this production model and was then accepted by the United States Army with the more identifiable PT-13 designation, though these models were now fitted with a Lycoming-brand power-plant of some 215 hp. Further developments led to increasingly improved versions of the base Model 75 that featured a host of power-plant and instrumental changes. Kaydets were now being produced on orders of thousands and consisted of a slew of USN and US Army variants, differing mainly in engine types.
Introduction of the Continental-brand series of engines led to a new designation in the form of the PT-17. Later models produced with a Jacobs power-plant were further designated as PT-18's. The Boeing-Stearman design was also offered up in 300 examples to Canada as the PT-27 (featuring an enclosed cockpit), which in turn provided the further designation of "Kaydet" to their models. It is this designation which would go on to become the indicative designation to the series as a whole. The Kaydet name stuck and is still used today to identify all models derived from the original Stearman Model 75 - these include the PT-13, PT-15 and the PT-18 along with the Canadian PT-27.
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